Streaming media and VoIP
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Many existing radio and television broadcasters have provided
Internet 'feeds' of their live audio and video streams (for example,
the BBC). They have been joined by a range of pure Internet
'broadcasters' who never had on-air licenses. This means that an
Internet-connected device, such as a computer or something more
specific, can be used to access on-line media in much the same way
as was previously possible only with a TV or radio receiver. The
range of material is much wider, from pornography to highly
specialized technical web-casts. The simplest equipment can allow
anybody, with little censorship or licensing control, to broadcast
on a worldwide basis. Time-shift viewing or listening is not a
problem as the BBC have shown with their Preview, Classic Clips and
Listen Again features. |
Web-cams can be seen as an even lower-budget extension of this
phenomenon. In this case the picture may update only slowly -
perhaps once every few seconds or slower, but Internet users can
watch animals around an African waterhole, ships in the Panama Canal
or the traffic at a local roundabout live and in real time. Video
chat rooms, video conferencing, and remote controllable webcams have
become popular. Some people install webcams in their bedrooms that
can be accessed by other voyeurs, often with two-way sound.
VoIP stands for Voice over IP, where IP refers to the Internet
Protocol that underlies all Internet communication. This phenomenon
began as an optional two-way voice extension to some of the Instant
Messaging systems that took off around the turn of the millennium.
In recent years many people and organizations have made VoIP systems
as easy to use and as convenient as a normal telephone. The benefit
is that, as the Internet carries the actual voice traffic, VoIP is
free or costs much less than an actual telephone call, especially
over long distances and especially for those with always-on ADSL or
DSL Internet connections anyway. The disadvantages are that it is
still difficult to initiate a call with someone, unless they also
have a VoIP phone or are at their computer and that there are still
several competing standards that are mitigating against universal
acceptance.
In all of these cases, existing large organizations, that have grown
accustomed to regular incomes for their services, are finding
increased competition in their service areas, coming directly from
the Internet. While newcomers strive to make these inroads, the
traditional industries have to adapt, adopt, complain or suffer.
Meanwhile the consumer in each case most probably benefits from the
increased range of services and possible price reductions. Some
worry about censorship and control while others see a continuing
globalization of culture and norms.
The most prevalent language for communication on the Internet is
English. This may be due to the Internet's origins, as well as
English's role as the lingua franca. It may also be related to the
poor capability of early computers to handle characters other than
those in the basic Latin alphabet.
Further information: Unicode
After English (32% of web visitors) the most-requested languages on
the world wide web are Chinese 13%, Japanese 8%, Spanish 7%, German
6% and French 4% (from Internet World Stats, updated November 30,
2005).
By continent, 34% of the world's Internet users are based in Asia,
29% in Europe, and 23% in North America ([2] updated November 21,
2005).
The Internet's technologies have developed enough in recent years
that good facilities are available for development and communication
in most widely used languages. However, some glitches such as
mojibake still remain.
From a cultural awareness perspective, the Internet has been both an
advantage and a liability. For people who are interested in other
cultures it provides a significant amount of information and an
interactivity that would be unavailable otherwise. However, for
people who are not interested in other cultures there is some
evidence indicating that the Internet enables them to avoid contact
to a greater degree than ever before. |
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